注册
闽南网 > 教育 > 外语 > 正文

2017年12月大学英语四级真题试卷及参考答案完整版(第一套)

来源:新东方在线 2017-12-18 10:18 http://www.mnw.cn/

  Passage One

  Questions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.

  That people often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamiliar surroundings is a phenomenon known as the “first-night” effect. If a person stays in the same room the following night they tend to sleep more soundly. Yuka Sasaki and her colleagues at Brown University set out to investigate the origins of this effect.

  Dr. Sasaki knew the first-night effect probably has something to do with how humans evolved. The puzzle was what benefit would be gained from it when performance might be affected the following day. She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators (捕食者). This led her to wonder if people might be doing the same thing. To take a closer look, her team studied 35 healthy people as they slept in the unfamiliar environment of the university’s Department of Psychological Sciences. The participants each slept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored with techniques that looked at the activity of their brains. Dr. Sasaki found, as expected, the participants slept less well on their first night than they did on their second, taking more than twice as long to fall asleep and sleeping less overall. During deep sleep, the participants’ brains behaved in a similar manner seen in birds and dolphins. On the first night only, the left hemispheres (半球) of their brains did not sleep nearly as deeply as their right hemispheres did.

  Curious if the left hemispheres were indeed remaining awake to process information detected in the surrounding environment, Dr. Sasaki re-ran the experiment while presenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声) of the same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night. She worked out that, if the left hemisphere was staying alert to keep guard in a strange environment, then it would react to the irregular beeps by stirring people from sleep and would ignore the regularly timed ones. This is precisely what she found.

  46. What did researchers find puzzling about the first-night effect?

  A) To what extent it can trouble people. C) What circumstances may trigger it.

  B) What role it has played in evolution. D) In what way it can be beneficial.

  47. What do we learn about Dr. Yuka Sasaki doing her research?

  A) She found birds and dolphins remain alert while asleep.

  B) She found birds and dolphins sleep in much the same way.

  C) She got some idea from previous studies on birds and dolphins

  D) She conducted studies on birds’ and dolphins’ sleeping patterns.

  48. What did Dr. Sasaki do when she first did her experiment?

  A) She monitored the brain activity of participants sleeping in a new environment.

  B) She recruited 35 participants from her Department of Psychological Sciences.

  C) She studied the differences between the two sides of participants’ brains.

  D) She tested her findings about birds and dolphins on human subjects.

  49. What did Dr. Sasaki do when re-running her experiment?

  A) She analyzed the negative effect of irregular tones on brains.

  B) She recorded participants’ adaptation to changed environment.

  C) She exposed her participants to two different stimuli.

  D) She compared the responses of different participants.

  50. What did Dr. Sasaki find about the participants in her experiment?

  A) They tended to enjoy certain tones more than others.

  B) They tended to perceive irregular beeps as a threat.

  C) They felt sleepy when exposed to regular beeps.

  D) They differed in their tolerance of irregular tones.

  Passage Two

  Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

  It’s time to reevaluate how women handle conflict at work. Being overworked or over-committed at home and on the job will not get you where you want to be in life. It will only slow you down and hinder your career goals.

  Did you know women are more likely than men to feel exhausted? Nearly twice as many women than men ages 18-44 reported feeling “very tired” or “exhausted”, according to a recent study.

  This may not be surprising given that this is the age range when women have children. It's also the age range when many women are trying to balance careers and home. One reason women may feel exhausted is that they have a hard time saying "no." Women want to be able todo it all volunteer for school parties or cook delicious meals-and so their answer to any request is often “Yes, I can.”

  Women struggle to say “no” in the workplace for similar reasons, including the desire to be liked by their colleagues. Unfortunately, this inability to say "no" may be hurting women's heath as well as their career.

  At the workplace, men use conflict as a way to position themselves, while women often avoid conflict or strive to be the peacemaker, because they don't want to be viewed as aggressive or disruptive at work. For example, there’s a problem that needs to be addressed immediately, resulting in a dispute over should be the one to fix it. Men are more likely to face that dispute from the perspective of what benefits them most, whereas women may approach the same dispute from the perspective of what's the easiest and quickest way to resolve the problem-even

  if that means doing the boring work themselves.

  This difference in handling conflict could be the deciding factor on who gets promoted to a leadership position and who does not. Leaders have to be able to delegate and manage resources wisely – including staff expertise. Shouldering more of the workload may not earn you that promotion. Instead, it may highlight your inability to delegate effectively.

  51. What does the author say is the problem with women?

  A) They are often unclear about the career goals to reach.

  B) They are usually more committed at home than on the job.

  C) They tend to be over-optimistic about how far they could go.

  D) They tend to push themselves beyond the limits of their ability.

  52. Why do working women of child-bearing age tend to feel drained of energy?

  A) They struggle to satisfy the demands of both work and home.

  B) They are too devoted to work and unable to relax as a result.

  C) They do their best to cooperate with their workmates.

  D) They are obliged to take up too many responsibilities.

  53. What may hinder the future prospects of career women?

  A) Their unwillingness to say “no”.

  B) Their desire to be considered powerful.

  C) An underestimate of their own ability.

  D) A lack of courage to face challenges.

  54. Men and woman differ in their approach to resolving workplace conflicts in that______.

  A) women tend to be easily satisfied

  B) men are generally more persuasive

  C) men tend to put their personal interests first

  D) women are much more ready to compromise

  55. What is important to a good leader?

  A) A dominant personality. C) The courage to admit failure

  B) The ability to delegate. D) A strong sense of responsibility.

  Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)

  Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into

  English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

  华山位于华阴市,据西安120公里。华山是秦岭的一部分,秦岭不仅分割陕南与陕北,也分隔华南与华北。与从前人们常去朝拜的泰山不同,华山过去很少有人光临,因为上山的道路极其危险。然而,希望长寿大人却经常上山,因为山上生长着许多草药,特别是一些稀有的草药。自上世纪90年代安装缆车以来,参观人数大大增加。

  答案速查

  Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes )

  Section A 26—30 KDMOA  31—35 FHICB

  Section B 36—40 IECDB   41—45 HGFAJ

  Section C 46—50 DCACB  51—55 DAACB

原标题:2017年12月英语四级完整真题及参考答案(新东方版)
责任编辑:凌芹莉
相关阅读:
新闻 娱乐 福建 泉州 漳州 厦门
猜你喜欢:
热门评论:
频道推荐
  • 天津大学恋爱课上可以学到什么?有人评价从
  • 2023年下半年中小学教师资格考试(面试)结
  • 河南睢县一班主任让全班学生“发毒誓”?学
  • 新闻推荐
    @所有人 多项民生礼包加速落地快来查收 三峡大坝变形?专家:又有人在恶意炒作 北京新一波疫情为什么没出现死亡病例? 戴口罩、一米线 疫情改变了哪些习惯? 呼伦贝尔现幻日奇观 彩虹光带环绕太阳
    视觉焦点
    石狮:秋风起,紫菜香 石狮:秋风起,紫菜香
    石狮环湾生态公园内粉黛乱子草盛放 石狮环湾生态公园内粉黛乱子草盛放
    精彩视频
    世遗泉州︱最美乡村·南安燎原村:星星之火 点亮民宿发展之势
    世遗泉州︱最美乡村·南安燎原村:星星之火 点亮民宿发展之势
    世遗泉州︱最美乡村·惠安东山:小渔村的蝶变
    世遗泉州︱最美乡村·惠安东山:小渔村的蝶变
    专题推荐
    关注泉城养老服务 打造幸福老年生活
    关注泉城养老服务 打造幸福老年生活

    闽南网推出专题报道,以图、文、视频等形式,展现泉州在补齐养老事业短板,提升养老服

    新征程,再出发——聚焦2021年全国两会
    2020福建高考招录
     
    48小时点击排行榜
    武平:昂首阔步迈入“高铁时代” @厦门符合条件家庭 明天起保障性租赁房可 “征拆建管”一体化,打造连城新名片 使用全功能自助终端 软件园三期智慧办税 福建省第三批“最美乡村‘福’路”名单公 丁俊晖再轰单杆147不敌奥沙利文 无缘大师 长汀以“引绿、增绿、创绿”为抓手 产业 荣耀x50gt和华为nova12哪个好值得买 区别